Horizontal Directional Drilling

How the directional boring works.  Courtesy of No Dig Equipment

Directional Boring , also known as Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD), horizontal drilling, slant drilling, or deviated drilling, is a method of trenchless technology. In the oil and gas industry, directional boring involves laterally drilling of various wells through a zone of oil or gas-bearing rock at angles from a vertical well-hole.

Directional Boring or Horizontal directional drilling is also used in the installation of utility pipelines and conduits. A pilot borehole is drilled along a pre-determined bore path from the surface with minimum disturbance. Directional Boring is mainly used for making crossings under rivers, roads and existing structures, with the purpose of installing pipes and conduits to transport different types of fluids and materials.

Directional Boring or Horizontal directional drilling is a way to get utilities from one point to another without destroying the existing ground or obstacles that are in between the two points. Directional drilling goes above and beyond traditional trenching; connecting utilities and services in places that traditional trenching is impossible.

Directional Boring :Comparing Against Traditional Method

Open cut, or trenching, is the most common way to install and connect utilities, but it has some limitations. This method can only be used when the ground above the utilities can be disturbed and there are no buildings, roadways or other obstructions in the way. Directional Boring can be used in the same situation where open cut is planned, but it can also be used to go under roads, sidewalks, rivers, even houses if there is a need for it.

The installation cost for trenching versus Directional Boring is usually lower, in the range of 6 to 8 times less than horizontal drilling. These two technologies usually compliment each other; trenching or plowing being more cost effective but having limitations and directional boring taking care of everything else but at a higher cost. If we wanted to choose one over the other without cost as a factor, Directional Boring or horizontal directional drilling would be selected as the best alternative; doing everything trenching and plowing can do and doing jobs once thought impossible before this great technology.

Directional Boring usually has a lower impact on the existing ground; meaning a lot less of the existing is disturbed. There is still damage that is done as with all construction equipment, but proper planning and patience can keep it to a minimum. The horizontal directional drilling machines are heavy, run on tracks and tend to disturb or damage the area below them or where they transit.Construction Footprint of Directional Boring

Another area that will cause some trouble is the water used for the boring. The water will usually tend come up to the surface of the ground. It normally causes minimal disturbances but can be a situation where sod or grass seed needs to be replaced in those areas. For the most part, horizontal directional drilling will only disturb the location the machine is set up at and any place that utilities need to be connected. In some circumstances, a drill can be set up on the side of the road, and the only disturbance will be from the footprints of the locator. If you are looking for minimal damage to your existing ground, Directional Boring is the method to be used.

Directional Boring Benefits

• Reduced soil disturbance.
• A single location area can be used to install different pipes.
• Reduces the fractures to existing rock formations.
• Reduces the contamination of groundwater pollution.
• Protects the ecosystem and adjacent areas.
• Directional drill produces twice the amount of oil or gas being extracted.
• Reduces the excavation and shoring costs.
• It is a safer operation than open cut.
• Weather will not impact directly on the process.
• Limited traffic and landscape disruption. Ideal for sites sensitive to surface disruption such as heavy roadways, airport runways, golf courses, etc.
• Ability to drill beneath surface obstructions or ongoing site operations.

Sumber http://construction.about.com/od/Special-Construction/a/Horizontal-Directional-Drilling.htm